Lynx (web browser)
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 Lynx Wikipedia Article displayed in Lynx |
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| Developed by | Thomas Dickey |
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| Initial release | c. 1992 |
| Stable release | 2.8.6 (October 10, 2006) [+/−] |
| Preview release | 2.8.7dev.13 (February 1, 2009) [+/−] |
| Written in | ISO C |
| Platform | Cross-platform |
| Available in | ? |
| Type | web browser |
| License | GPL |
| Website | lynx.isc.org |
Lynx is a free open-source, text-only Web browser for use on cursor-addressable, character cell terminals. Supported protocols are Gopher, HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, WAIS, and NNTP.
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[edit] Usage
Browsing in Lynx consists of highlighting the chosen link using cursor keys, or having all links on a page numbered and entering the chosen link's number. Current versions support SSL and many HTML features. Tables are linearized (scrunched together one cell after another without tabular structure), while frames are identified by name and can be explored as if they were separate pages. Lynx cannot inherently display various types of non-text content on the web, such as images and video, but it can launch external programs to handle it, like an image viewer or video player.
Because of its text-to-speech-friendly interface, Lynx was once popular with visually impaired users, but better screen readers have reduced the appeal of this application. Lynx is also used to check for usability of websites in older browsers. It is still included in a number of Linux distributions, and is particularly useful for reading documentation when only a text-based environment is available. Despite its text-only nature and age, it can still be used to effectively browse much of the modern web, including performing interactive tasks like editing Wikipedia. The speed benefits of text-only browsing are most apparent when using low bandwidth internet connections, or older computer hardware that may be slow to render image-heavy content.
[edit] Development history
Lynx was a product of the Distributed Computing Group within Academic Computing Services of the University of Kansas, and was initially developed in 1992 by a team of students at the university (Lou Montulli, Michael Grobe and Charles Rezac) as a hypertext browser used solely to distribute campus information as part of a Campus-Wide Information Server. In 1993 Montulli added an Internet interface and released a new version (2.0) of the browser.[1][2]
Garrett Blythe created DosLynx and later joined the Lynx effort as well. Foteos Macrides ported much of Lynx to VMS and maintained it for a time. In 1995, Lynx was released under the GNU General Public License, and is now maintained by a group of volunteers led by Thomas Dickey.
[edit] Platforms
Lynx was originally designed for Unix and VMS and is a popular console browser on Linux. Versions are also available for DOS, recent versions run on all Microsoft Windows releases, and Mac OS X.[3][4] There was also an early port to "Classic" Macintosh version called MacLynx "for System 7 and later".[5] Ports to BeOS, MINIX, QNX, AmigaOS and OS/2 are also available.
Alternatives to Lynx include Links (with variants Links2 and ELinks) and w3m.
[edit] See also
[edit] Notes
- ^ "Web Browser History". Living Internet. http://www.livinginternet.com/w/wi_browse.htm. Retrieved on 2008-02-03.
- ^ Lynn H. Nelson (2000-11-07). "Before the Web: the early development of History on-line". http://chnm.gmu.edu/digitalhistory/links/pdf/chapter1/1.2b.pdf. Retrieved on 2008-02-03.
- ^ "Lynx for DOS 386+ or Win32". http://www.fdisk.com/doslynx/lynxport.htm. Retrieved on 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Lynx text web browser 2.8.7d9u". Apple Computer. 2008-01-28. http://www.apple.com/downloads/macosx/unix_open_source/lynxtextwebbrowser.html. Retrieved on 2009-01-03.
- ^ Adams, Chris. "MacLynx, a text-only browser". http://home24.inet.tele.dk/ccadams/se/lynx.html. Retrieved on 2008-01-03.
[edit] References
[edit] External links
- Lynx homepage (old but still cited: doslynx, Lynx links and original)
- Michael Grobe's personal recollections of Lynx development
- Extremely Lynx resource page
- MacLynx
- Lynx for Mac OS X 2.8.6u
- Lynx for Windows 2.8.5rel1 installer
- Lynx on OS/2
- Lynx output for any site on the web
- True Lynx Viewer (Browser emulation) - Free.
- Using Lynx to Analyze Website Searchability
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