Demographics of the United States
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article discusses the demographic features of the population of the United States, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, and religious affiliation.
As of February 2009, the United States has a total resident population of 306 million.[1] It is a very urbanized nation, with 81% of the population residing in cities and suburbs as of mid-2005 (the worldwide urban rate was 49%).[2] The mean population center of the United States has consistently shifted westward and southward,[3] with California and Texas currently the most populous states.[4] The total fertility rate in the United States estimated for 2008 is 2.1 children per woman,[5] which is roughly the replacement level.[6] However, U.S. population growth is among the highest in industrialized countries,[7] since the vast majority of these have below-replacement fertility rates and the U.S. has stronger immigration.[5][8] Accordingly, the United States Census Bureau shows an increase of 0.95% between November 2007 and November 2008 for the resident population.[9] Nonetheless, though high by industrialized country standards, this is below the world average annual rate of 1.19%.[7] Long term, the U.S. growth rate is projected to surpass that of the world at large: the Census Bureau projects a population of 439 million in 2050,[10] which is a 46% gain from 2007, compared to the world population's gain of 38% over the same period, per United Nations projections; per the U.N., the U.S. increase will be 32%, from 306 million in 2007 to 402 million in 2050.[11]
People under 20 years of age make up over a quarter of the U.S. population (27.6%), and people age 65 and over made up one-eighth (12.6%) in 2007.[12] The national median age was 36.7 years.[12]
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[edit] Population growth
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The total U.S. population crossed the 100 million mark around 1915, the 200 million mark in 1967, and the 300 million mark in 2006 (estimated on Tuesday, October 17).[13][14] The U.S. population more than tripled during the 20th century — a growth rate of about 1.3% a year — from about 76 million in 1900 to 281 million in 2000. This is unlike most European countries, especially Germany, Russia, Italy and Greece, whose populations are slowly declining, and whose fertility rates are below replacement.
Population growth is fastest among minorities, and according to the United States Census Bureau's estimation for 2005, 45% of American children under the age of 5 are minorities.[15] In 2007, the nation's minority population reached 102.5 million.[16] A year before, the minority population totaled 100.7 million. Hispanic and Latino Americans accounted for almost half (1.4 million) of the national population growth of 2.9 million between July 1, 2005, and July 1, 2006.[17]
Based on a population clock maintained by the U.S. Census Bureau, the current U.S. population, as of 2:30 GMT (EST+5) November 17, 2008 is 305,682,072.[18] A 2004 U.S. Census Bureau report predicted an increase of one third by the year 2050.[19] A subsequent 2008 report projects a population of 439 million, which is a 44% increase from 2008.
As of November 2008 the US comprises approximately 4.5% of the world's population. ([1])
[edit] Cities
The United States has dozens of major cities, including 8 of the 60 "global cities"[20] of all types, with three "alpha" global cities: New York City, Los Angeles and Chicago.[21] The United States has 51 metropolitan areas with a population of over 1,000,000 people each. (See Table of United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas.)
The following table shows the populations of the top ten cities and their metropolitan areas, as of July 1, 2006.
| Leading population centers | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rank | Core city | State | Pop.[22][23] | Metro area rank | Metro area pop.[24] | Region[25] |  New York City  Los Angeles |
|||
| 1 | New York City | New York | 8,250,567 | 1 | 18,818,536 | Northeast | ||||
| 2 | Los Angeles | California | 3,849,378 | 2 | 12,950,129 | West | ||||
| 3 | Chicago | Illinois | 2,833,321 | 3 | 9,505,748 | Midwest | ||||
| 4 | Houston | Texas | 2,169,248 | 6 | 5,539,949 | South | ||||
| 5 | Phoenix | Arizona | 1,512,986 | 13 | 4,039,182 | West | ||||
| 6 | Philadelphia | Pennsylvania | 1,448,394 | 5 | 5,826,742 | Northeast | ||||
| 7 | San Antonio | Texas | 1,296,682 | 29 | 1,942,217 | South | ||||
| 8 | San Diego | California | 1,256,951 | 17 | 2,941,454 | West | ||||
| 9 | Dallas | Texas | 1,232,940 | 4 | 6,003,967 | South | ||||
| 10 | San Jose | California | 929,936 | 30 | 1,787,123 | West | ||||
| 2006 U.S. Census Bureau estimates | ||||||||||
[edit] Population density
The most densely populated state is New Jersey (1,121/mi² or 433/km²). See List of U.S. states by population density for maps and complete statistics.
The United States Census Bureau publishes a popular "dot" map showing population distribution at a resolution of 7,500 people,[29] as well as complete listings of population density by place name.[30]
[edit] Race and ethnicity
The U.S. population's distribution by race and ethnicity in 2006 was as follows:[31][32]
- Total population: 299 million
- White alone: 74% or 221.3 million
- Not including the 23.2 million White Hispanic and Latino Americans: 66% or 198.1 million
- Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, of any race: 14.8% or about 44.3 million
- Black or African American alone: 13.4% or 40.9 million
- Some other race alone: 6.5% or 19 million
- Asian alone: 4.4% or 13.1 million
- Two or more races: 2.0% or 6.1 million
- American Indian or Alaska Native alone: 0.68% or 2.0 million
- Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander alone: 0.14% or 0.43 million
These figures add up to more than 100% on this list because Hispanic and Latino Americans are distributed among all the races and are also listed as an ethnicity category, resulting in a double count.
[edit] Hispanic and Latino Americans
Each of the racial categories includes people who identify their ethnicity as Hispanic or Latino.[33] U.S. federal law defines Hispanic or Latino as "those who classify themselves in one of the specific Hispanic or Latino categories listed on the Census 2000 or ACS questionnaire - "Mexican," "Puerto Rican," or "Cuban" - as well as those who indicate that they are "other Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino.""[34]
- Hispanic or Latino ethnicity: 14.8% or about 44.3 million:[32]
- White alone: 52.4% or 23.2 million
- Some other race alone: 41% or 18.2 million
- Two or more races: 3.8% or 1.7 million
- Black or African American alone: 1.4% or 0.62 million
- American Indian or Alaska Native alone: 0.74% or 0.33 million
- Asian alone: 0.34% or 0.15 million
- Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander alone: 0.09% or 0.04 million
[edit] Projections
| 2008 | 2050 | |
|---|---|---|
| Non-Hispanic whites | 68% | 46% |
| Hispanic | 15 % | 30% |
| African Americans | 12% | 15% |
| Asian American | 5% | 9% |
A report in August 2008[35] from the U.S. Census Bureau projects that by 2042 non-Hispanic whites will no longer make up the majority of the population. This is a revision of earlier projections that this would occur in 2050. Today, non-Hispanic whites make up about 68% of the population. This is expected to fall to 46% in 2050. The report foresees the Hispanic population rising from 15% today to 30% by 2050. Today, African Americans make up 12% of the population, in 2050 they are projected to comprise 15%. Asian Americans make up 5% of the population and are expected to make up 9% in 2050. The U.S. has nearly 305 million people today, and is projected to reach 400 million by 2039 and 439 million in 2050.[36][37]
A report from the Pew Research Center in 2008 projects that by 2050, non-Hispanic whites will make up 47% of the population, down from 67% projected in 2005.[38] Non-Hispanic whites made up 85% of the population in 1960.[39] It foresees the Hispanic population rising from 14% in 2005 to 29% by 2050.[40] The proportion of Asian Americans would almost double by 2050. Overall, the population of the U.S. was due to rise from 296 million in 2005 to 438 million, with 82% of the increase due to immigrants.[41]
Of the nation's children in 2050, 62% are expected to have a minority ethnicity, up from 44% today. 39% are projected to be Hispanic (up from 22% in 2008), and 38% are to be single-race, non-Hispanic white (down from 56% in 2008).[42]
[edit] Other subgroups
| Rank | City | Percentage of City Population |
GLB Population[43] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| population | rank | |||
| 1 | San Francisco | 15.4% | 94,234 | 4 |
| 2 | Seattle | 12.9% | 57,993 | 9 |
| 3 | Atlanta | 12.8% | 39,805 | 12 |
| 4 | Minneapolis | 12.5% | 34,295 | 16 |
| 5 | Boston | 12.3% | 50,540 | 10 |
| 6 | Sacramento | 9.8% | 32,108 | 20 |
| 7 | Portland | 8.8% | 35,413 | 14 |
| 8 | Denver | 8.2% | 33,698 | 17 |
| 9 | Washington | 8.1% | 32,599 | 18 |
| 10 | Orlando | 7.7% | 12,508 | 36 |
According to 2004 figures from the Census Bureau, there were some 32 million disabled adults (aged 18 or over) in the United States, plus another 5 million children and youth (under age 18). If one were to add impairments - or limitations that fall short of being disabilities - Census estimates put the figure at 51 million.
According to the National Survey of Family Growth, 4.1% of Americans aged 18-45 identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual[43] (Other estimates have varied depending on methodology and timing; see Demographics of sexual orientation for a list of studies.) The American Community Survey from the U.S. Census estimated 776,943 same-sex couples in the country as a whole, representing about 0.5% of the population.[43] GLB populations are concentrated in urban areas. Shown in the chart on the right are the top 10 U.S. metropolitan areas with the highest GLB population in terms of percent of gay, lesbian and bisexual residents, compared to the rest of the population.
[edit] Religious affiliation
The table below is based mainly on selected data as reported to the United States Census Bureau. It only includes the voluntary self-reported membership of religious bodies with 60,000 or more. The definition of a member is determined by each religious body. A growing sector of the population, currently 14%, does not identify itself as a member of any religion.[44]
[edit] Religious self-identification of the U.S. adult population: 1990, 2001, 2008
The United States government does not collect religious data in its census. The survey below, the American Religious Identification Survey (ARIS) 2008, was a random digit-dialed telephone survey of 54,461 American residential households in the contiguous United States. The 1990 sample size was 113,723; 2001 sample size was 50,281
Adult respondents were asked the open-ended question, "What is your religion, if any?". Interviewers did not prompt or offer a suggested list of potential answers. The religion of the spouse or partner was also asked. If the initial answer was "Protestant" or "Christian" further questions were asked to probe which particular denomination. About one third of the sample was asked more detailed demographic questions.
Religious Self-Identification of the U.S. Adult Population: 1990, 2001, 2008[46]
Figures are not adjusted for refusals to reply; investigators suspect refusals are possibly more representative of "no religion" than any other group.
| Group |
1990 adults x 1,000 |
2001 adults x 1,000 |
2008 adults x 1,000 |
Numerical Change 1990- 2008 as % of 1990 |
1990 % of adults |
2001 % of adults |
2008 % of adults |
change in % of total adults 1990- 2008 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult population, total | 175,440 | 207,983 | 228,182 | 30.1% | ||||
| Adult population, Responded | 171,409 | 196,683 | 216,367 | 26.2% | 97.7% | 94.6% | 94.8% | -2.9% |
| Total Christian | 151,225 | 159,514 | 173,402 | 14.7% | 86.2% | 76.7% | 76.0% | -10.2% |
| Catholic | 46,004 | 50,873 | 57,199 | 24.3% | 26.2% | 24.5% | 25.1% | -1.2% |
| non-Catholic Christian | 105,221 | 108,641 | 116,203 | 10.4% | 60.0% | 52.2% | 50.9% | -9.0% |
| Baptist | 33,964 | 33,820 | 36,148 | 6.4% | 19.4% | 16.3% | 15.8% | -3.5% |
| Mainline Christian | 32,784 | 35,788 | 29,375 | -10.4% | 18.7% | 17.2% | 12.9% | -5.8% |
| Methodist | 14,174 | 14,039 | 11,366 | -19.8% | 8.1% | 6.8% | 5.0% | -3.1% |
| Lutheran | 9,110 | 9,580 | 8,674 | -4.8% | 5.2% | 4.6% | 3.8% | -1.4% |
| Presbyterian | 4,985 | 5,596 | 4,723 | -5.3% | 2.8% | 2.7% | 2.1% | -0.8% |
| Episcopalian/Anglican | 3,043 | 3,451 | 2,405 | -21.0% | 1.7% | 1.7% | 1.1% | -0.7% |
| United Church of Christ | 438 | 1,378 | 736 | 68.0% | 0.2% | 0.7% | 0.3% | 0.1% |
| Christian Generic | 25,980 | 22,546 | 32,441 | 24.9% | 14.8% | 10.8% | 14.2% | -0.6% |
| Christian Unspecified | 8,073 | 14,190 | 16,384 | 102.9% | 4.6% | 6.8% | 7.2% | 2.6% |
| Non-denominational Christian | 194 | 2,489 | 8,032 | 4040.2% | 0.1% | 1.2% | 3.5% | 3.4% |
| Protestant - Unspecified | 17,214 | 4,647 | 5,187 | -69.9% | 9.8% | 2.2% | 2.3% | -7.5% |
| Evangelical/Born Again | 546 | 1,088 | 2,154 | 294.5% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 0.9% | 0.6% |
| Pentecostal/Charismatic | 5,647 | 7,831 | 7,948 | 40.7% | 3.2% | 3.8% | 3.5% | 0.3% |
| Pentecostal - Unspecified | 3,116 | 4,407 | 5,416 | 73.8% | 1.8% | 2.1% | 2.4% | 0.6% |
| Assemblies of God | 617 | 1,105 | 810 | 31.3% | 0.4% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.0% |
| Church of God | 590 | 943 | 663 | 12.4% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 0.3% | 0.0% |
| Other Protestant Denominations | 4,630 | 5,949 | 7,131 | 54.0% | 2.6% | 2.9% | 3.1% | 0.5% |
| Churches of Christ | 1,769 | 2,593 | 1,921 | 8.6% | 1.0% | 1.2% | 0.8% | -0.2% |
| Jehovah's Witness | 1,381 | 1,331 | 1,914 | 38.6% | 0.8% | 0.6% | 0.8% | 0.1% |
| Seventh-Day Adventist | 668 | 724 | 938 | 40.4% | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.0% |
| Mormon/Latter-Day Saints | 2,487 | 2,697 | 3,158 | 27.0% | 1.4% | 1.3% | 1.4% | 0.0% |
| Total non-Christian religions | 5,853 | 7,740 | 8,796 | 50.3% | 3.3% | 3.7% | 3.9% | 0.5% |
| Jewish | 3,137 | 2,837 | 2,680 | -14.6% | 1.8% | 1.4% | 1.2% | -0.6% |
| Eastern Religions | 687 | 2,020 | 1,961 | 185.4% | 0.4% | 1.0% | 0.9% | 0.5% |
| Buddhist | 404 | 1,082 | 1,189 | 194.3% | 0.2% | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.3% |
| Muslim | 527 | 1,104 | 1,349 | 156.0% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 0.6% | 0.3% |
| New Religious Movements & Others | 1,296 | 1,770 | 2,804 | 116.4% | 0.7% | 0.9% | 1.2% | 0.5% |
| None/ No religion, total | 14,331 | 29,481 | 34,169 | 138.4% | 8.2% | 14.2% | 15.0% | 6.8% |
| Agnostic+Atheist | 1,186 | 1,893 | 3,606 | 204.0% | 0.7% | 0.9% | 1.6% | 0.9% |
| Did Not Know/ Refused to reply | 4,031 | 11,300 | 11,815 | 193.1% | 2.3% | 5.4% | 5.2% | 2.9% |
[edit] Income
In 2006, the median household income in the United States was around $46,000. Household and personal income depends on variables such as race, number of income earners, educational attainment and marital status.
| Median income levels | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Households | Persons, age 25 or older with earnings | Household income by race | |||||||
| All households | Dual earner households |
Per household member |
Males | Females | Both sexes | Asian | White, non-hispanic |
Hispanic | Black |
| $46,326 | $67,348 | $23,535 | $39,403 | $26,507 | $32,140 | $57,518 | $48,977 | $34,241 | $30,134 |
| Median personal income by educational attainment | |||||||||
| Measure | Some High School | High school graduate | Some college | Associate's degree | Bachelor's degree or higher | Bachelor's degree | Master's degree | Professional degree | Doctorate degree |
| Persons, age 25+ w/ earnings | $20,321 | $26,505 | $31,054 | $35,009 | $49,303 | $43,143 | $52,390 | $82,473 | $70,853 |
| Male, age 25+ w/ earnings | $24,192 | $32,085 | $39,150 | $42,382 | $60,493 | $52,265 | $67,123 | $100,000 | $78,324 |
| Female, age 25+ w/ earnings | $15,073 | $21,117 | $25,185 | $29,510 | $40,483 | $36,532 | $45,730 | $66,055 | $54,666 |
| Persons, age 25+, employed full-time | $25,039 | $31,539 | $37,135 | $40,588 | $56,078 | $50,944 | $61,273 | $100,000 | $79,401 |
| Household | $22,718 | $36,835 | $45,854 | $51,970 | $73,446 | $68,728 | $78,541 | $100,000 | $96,830 |
| Household income distribution | |||||||||
| Bottom 10% | Bottom 20% | Bottom 25% | Middle 33% | Middle 20% | Top 25% | Top 20% | Top 5% | Top 1.5% | Top 1% |
| $0 to $10,500 | $0 to $18,500 | $0 to $22,500 | $30,000 to $62,500 | $35,000 to $55,000 | $77,500 and up | $92,000 and up | $167,000 and up | $250,000 and up | $350,000 and up |
| Source: US Census Bureau, 2006; income statistics for the year 2005 | |||||||||
[edit] Social class
Social classes in the U.S. lack distinct boundaries and may overlap. The following table provides a summary of currently prominent academic theories on the stratification of American society:
| Academic Class Models | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dennis Gilbert, 2002 | William Thompson & Joseph Hickey, 2005 | Leonard Beeghley, 2004 | |||
| Class | Typical characteristics | Class | Typical characteristics | Class | Typical characteristics |
| Capitalist class (1%) | Top-level executives, high-rung politicians, heirs. Ivy League education common. | Upper class 1% | Top-level executives, celebrities, heirs; income of $500,000+ common. Ivy league education common. | The super-rich (0.9%) | Multi-millionaires whose incomes commonly exceed $350,000; includes celebrities and powerful executives/politicians. Ivy League education common. |
| The Rich (5%) | Households with net worth of $1 million or more; largely in the form of home equity. Generally have college degrees. | ||||
| Upper middle class[1] (15%) | Highly educated (often with graduate degrees), most commonly salaried, professionals and middle management with large work autonomy | Upper middle class[1] (15%) | Highly educated (often with graduate degrees) professionals & managers with household incomes varying from the high 5-figure range to commonly above $100,000 | Middle class (plurality/ majority?; ca. 46%) |
College educated workers with incomes considerably above-average incomes and compensation; a man making $57,000 and a woman making $40,000 may be typical. |
| Lower middle class (30%) | Semi-professionals and craftsmen with a roughly average standard of living. Most have some college education and are white collar. | Lower middle class (32%) | Semi-professionals and craftsman with some work autonomy; household incomes commonly range from $35,000 to $75,000. Typically, some college education. | ||
| Working class (30%) | Clerical and most blue collar workers whose work is highly routinized. Standard of living varies depending on number of income earners, but is commonly just adequate. High school education. | Working class (32%) | Clerical, pink and blue collar workers with often low job security; common household incomes range from $16,000 to $30,000. High school education. | Working class (ca. 40% - 45%) |
Blue collar workers and those whose jobs are highly routinized with low economic security; a man making $40,000 and a woman making $26,000 may be typical. High school education. |
| Working poor (13%) | Service, low-rung clerical and some blue collar workers. High economic insecurity and risk of poverty. Some high school education. | ||||
| Lower class (ca. 14% - 20%) | Those who occupy poorly-paid positions or rely on government transfers. Some high school education. | ||||
| Underclass (12%) | Those with limited or no participation in the labor force. Reliant on government transfers. Some high school education. | The poor (ca. 12%) | Those living below the poverty line with limited to no participation in the labor force; a household income of $18,000 may be typical. Some high school education. | ||
- References: Gilbert, D. (2002) The American Class Structure: In An Age of Growing Inequality. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth; Thompson, W. & Hickey, J. (2005). Society in Focus. Boston, MA: Pearson, Allyn & Bacon; Beeghley, L. (2004). The Structure of Social Stratification in the United States. Boston, MA: Pearson, Allyn & Bacon.
- 1 The upper middle class may also be referred to as "Professional class" Ehrenreich, B. (1989). The Inner Life of the Middle Class. NY, NY: Harper-Colins.
[edit] Demographic statistics from the CIA World Factbook
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.
[edit] Age structure
(2007 est.)
- 0−19 years: 27.4% (male 42,667,761; female 40,328,895)
- 20−64 years: 60.1% (male 89,881,041; female 90,813,578)
- 65 years and over: 12.6% (male 15,858,477; female 21,991,195)
[edit] Population growth rate
- 0.883% (2008 est.)
[edit] Population projections
- (2008 US Census Bureau data)[47]
- 2010: 310,232,863
- 2020: 341,386,665
- 2030: 373,503,674
- 2040: 405,655,295
- 2050: 439,010,253
[edit] Birth rate
- 14.20 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Birth rate was 11.6 for non-Hispanic whites, 16.5 for non-Hispanic blacks, 14.8 for American Indians, 16.5 for Asians and 23.4 for Hispanics.[48]
In 2006, there were 4,265,996 births. Of those, 2,309,833 (54.15%) were to non-Hispanic whites, 617,220 (14.47%) to NH Blacks, 47,494 (1.11%) to AI, 239,829 (5.62%) to Asians and 1,039,051 (24.36%) to Hispanics.[48]
- 17.6 births/1,000 population (in the first half of the 1930ies)[49]
[edit] Mortality rate
- 8.30 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
[edit] Immigration|Net migration rate
- 3.05 migrants/1,000 population (2007 est.)
[edit] Human sex ratios
- (2007 est.)
- at birth: 1.05 males/female
- under 15 years: 1.05 males/female
- 15−64 years: 1 male/female
- 65 years and over: 0.72 male/female
- total population: 0.97 male/female
- state-by-state breakdown: United States sex ratio chart
[edit] Infant mortality rate
- (2007 est.)
- total population: 6.40 deaths/1,000 live births
- male: 7.00 deaths/1,000 live births
- female: 5.70 deaths/1,000 live births
[edit] Life expectancy
(source: Census Bureau, 2007):
- total population: 78.10 years
- male: 75.20 years
- female: 81.00 years
[edit] Total fertility rate
- 2.1 children born/woman (2008 est.)[48]
- Hispanics: 3.0
- African Americans: 2.2
- White Americans: 2.0
- Asian and Pacific Islanders: 1.9[50]
2.06 children born/women (2000)
2.08 children born/women (1990)
1.83 children born/women (1980)
2.48 children born/women (1970)
3.65 children born/women (1960)
3.10 children born/women (1950)
[edit] Unemployment rate
(source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, May. 2007 est):
- all workers: 4.5%
- adult men: 4.0%
- adult women: 3.8%
- teenagers: 15.7%
- white: 3.9%
- African American: 8.5%
- Hispanic or Latino ethnicity: 5.8%
- Asians: 2.9%
(See List of U.S. states by unemployment rate)
[edit] Nationality
- noun: American(s)
- adjective: American
Much of the material in this section comes from The World Factbook 2006.
The U.S. population is expected to rise to 420 million in 2050 and then 571 million in 2100.
[edit] See also
| Income in the United States |
|---|
|
Income by:
|
- U.S. demographic birth cohorts
- List of U.S. states by population
- United States metropolitan area
- Household income in the United States
- Personal income in the United States
- Affluence in the United States
- Maps of American ancestries
- Languages of the United States
- Immigration to the United States
- Internet in the United States
- Lists of U.S. cities with non-white majority populations
- World's largest cities
- List of the largest metropolitan areas in the Americas
- Highest-income places in the United States
- Lowest-income counties in the United States
- Places in the United States with notable demographic characteristics
- Demographic history of the United States
- Racial and ethnic demographics of the United States
- List of U.S. cities with high transit ridership
[edit] References
- ^ "U.S. POPClock Projection". 2009-01-10. http://www.census.gov/population/www/popclockus.html. Retrieved on 2009-01-10. "According to the U.S. Bureau of the Census, the resident population of the United States, projected to 01/10/09 at 00:06 GMT (EST+5) is 305,584,613"
- ^ "United Nations Population Division: World Urbanization Prospects; Table A.2 (p.81)" (PDF). United Nations. February 2008. http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wup2007/2007WUP_Highlights_web.pdf. Retrieved on 2008-05-03.
- ^ "Mean Center of Population for the United States: 1790 to 2000" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/meanctr.pdf. Retrieved on 2009-01-10.
- ^ "Table 13. State Population - Rank, Percent Change, and Population Density" (Excel). U.S. Census Bureau. 2007-12-27. http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/tables/09s0013.xls. Retrieved on 2009-01-10.
- ^ a b "CIA - The World Factbook -- Rank Order - Total fertility rate". CIA. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2127rank.html. Retrieved on 2009-02-23.
- ^ "CIA - The World Factbook - Notes and Definitions". https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/docs/notesanddefs.html#2127. Retrieved on 2009-01-10.
- ^ a b "CIA - The World Factbook -- Field Listing - Population growth rate". CIA. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2002.html. Retrieved on 2009-01-10.
- ^ "CIA - The World Factbook -- Rank Order - Net migration rate". CIA. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2112rank.html. Retrieved on 2009-02-23.
- ^ "Table 1: Monthly Population Estimates for the United States: April 1, 2000 to November 1, 2008 (NA-EST2007-01)". U.S. Census Bureau. 2007-12-27. http://www.census.gov/popest/national/tables/NA-EST2007-01.csv. Retrieved on 2009-01-10. See the column titled "Resident Population".
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- ^ a b "United States - Age and Sex". 2007 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates. United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/STTable?_bm=y&-qr_name=ACS_2007_1YR_G00_S0101&-geo_id=01000US&-ds_name=ACS_2007_1YR_G00_&-state=st&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false. Retrieved on 2009-01-10.
- ^ "Statistical Abstract of the United States" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. http://www.census.gov/prod/2005pubs/06statab/pop.pdf.
- ^ "U.S. population hits 300 million mark". MSNBC (Associated Press). 2006-10-17. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/15298443/. Retrieved on 2006-10-17.
- ^ "Population Is Now One-Third Minority". http://www.prb.org/Articles/2006/IntheNewsUSPopulationIsNowOneThirdMinority.aspx?p=1U.S..
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- ^ U.S. Population Clock, U.S. Census Bureau, http://www.census.gov/main/www/popclock.html, retrieved on 2008-04-29
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- ^ "The 2008 Global Cities Index". Foreign Policy (November/December 2008). October 21, 2008. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=4509. Retrieved on 2009-01-30.
- ^ "GaWC - Inventory of World Cities". http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/citylist.html. Retrieved on 2009-01-31.
- ^ "Table 1: Annual Estimates of the Population for Incorporated Places Over 100,000, Ranked by July 1, 2006 Population: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2006" (CSV). 2006 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. 2007-06-28. http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/tables/SUB-EST2006-01.csv. Retrieved on 2007-06-28.
- ^ "Accepted Challenges to Vintage 2006 Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. http://www.census.gov/popest/archives/2000s/vintage_2006/06s_challenges.html. Retrieved on 2008-05-07.
- ^ "Table 2. Population Estimates for the 100 Most Populous Metropolitan Statistical Areas Based on July 1, 2006, Population Estimates". 2005 Population Estimates. U.S. Census Bureau. 2007-04-05. http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/cb07-51tbl2.pdf. Retrieved on 2007-06-17.
- ^ "Figure A–3. Census Regions, Census Divisions, and Their Constituent States". U.S. Census Bureau. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/tiger/glossry2.pdf. Retrieved on 2007-06-17.
- ^ Somerville, MA (Massachusetts) Houses and Residents, city-data.com, http://www.city-data.com/housing/houses-Somerville-Massachusetts.html, retrieved on 2008-09-08
- ^ Central Falls, Rhode Island, city-data.com, http://www.city-data.com/city/Central-Falls-Rhode-Island.html, retrieved on 2008-098-08
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- ^ Projection data from U.S. Census Bureau
- ^ White Americans no longer a majority by 2042
- ^ U.S. to Grow Grayer, More Diverse
- ^ Pew Research Center: Immigration to Play Lead Role In Future U.S. Growth
- ^ U.S. Hispanic population to triple by 2050, USATODAY.com
- ^ Study Sees Non-Hispanic Whites Shrinking to Minority Status in U.S. - February 12, 2008, The New York Sun
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- ^ a b c Gary J. Gates Same-sex Couples and the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Population: New Estimates from the American Community SurveyPDF (2.07 MiB). The Williams Institute on Sexual Orientation Law and Public Policy, UCLA School of Law October, 2006. Retrieved April 20, 2007.
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- ^ a b Barry A. Kosmin and Ariela Keysar (2009). "AMERICAN RELIGIOUS IDENTIFICATION SURVEY (ARIS) 2008". written at Hartford, Connecticut, USA (PDF). Trinity College. http://b27.cc.trincoll.edu/weblogs/AmericanReligionSurvey-ARIS/reports/ARIS_Report_2008.pdf. Retrieved on 2009-04-01.
- ^ Census Bureau downloadable data files
- ^ a b c "Births: Preliminary Data for 2006" (PDF), National Vital Statistice Reports (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) 56 (7): 6, 5 December 2007, http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr56/nvsr56_07.pdf, retrieved on 2008-09-08 (Table 1)
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- ^ Matt Rosenberg (6 October 2007), Total Fertility Rate: Total Fertility Rate Impacts a Country's Population, About.com, http://geography.about.com/od/populationgeography/a/fertilityrate.htm, retrieved on 2008-09-08
[edit] External links
- U.S. Demographics and State Rankings
- Asian-Nation: Demographics of Asian American Population
- Countdown to 300 million
- Census Ancestry Map
- USA Today 2004 Election County by County Map
- BeliefNet State by State Religious Affiliation
- Health by State
- U.S. Demographics and Maps
- America's Changing Demographics a Nightly Business Report special
- The Realignment of America - The Wall Street Journal
- Religion U.S. Census Bureau
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