List of amendments to the United States Constitution

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VIVIIVIIIIXX

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This is a complete full list of all ratified and unratified amendments to the United States Constitution which have received the approval of the Congress. The procedure for amending the Constitution is governed by Article V of the original text. There have been many other proposals for amendments to the United States Constitution introduced in Congress, but not submitted to the states.


The first ten amendments to the United States Constitution are known as the Bill of Rights.


# Amendments Proposal date Enactment date Full text
1st Freedom of religion, of speech, of the press, to petition, and to assemble September 29, 1789 December 15, 1791[1] Full text
2nd The right to keep and bear arms September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 Full text
3rd No quartering of soldiers in private houses during times of peace or war September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 Full text
4th Interdiction of unreasonable Searches and seizures; warrants September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 Full text
5th Indictments; Due process; Self-incrimination; Double jeopardy, and rules for Eminent Domain. September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 Full text
6th Right to a fair and speedy public trial, Notice of accusations, Confronting one's accuser, Subpoenas, Right to counsel September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 Full text
7th Right to trial by jury in civil cases September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 Full text
8th No excessive bail & fines or cruel & unusual punishment September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 Full text
9th Unenumerated rights September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 Full text
10th Limits the power of the Federal government September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 Full text
11th Immunity of states from suits from out-of-state citizens and foreigners not living within the state borders. Lays the foundation for sovereign immunity. March 4, 1794 February 7, 1795 Full text
12th Revision of presidential election procedures December 9, 1803 June 15, 1804[2] Full text
13th Abolition of slavery, except as punishment for a crime. January 31, 1865 December 6, 1865 Full text
14th Citizenship, state due process, applies Bill of Rights to the states, revision to apportionment of Representatives, Denies public office to anyone who has rebelled against the United States June 13, 1866 July 9, 1868[3] Full text
15th Suffrage no longer restricted by race February 26, 1869 February 3, 1870[4] Full text
16th Allows federal income tax July 12, 1909 February 3, 1913 Full text
17th Direct election to the United States Senate May 13, 1912 April 8, 1913 Full text
18th Prohibition of alcohol (Repealed by 21st amendment) December 18, 1917 January 16, 1919 Full text
19th Women's suffrage June 4, 1919 August 18, 1920 Full text
20th Term Commencement for congress (January 3) and president (January 20.) (This amendment is also known as the "lame duck amendment".) March 2, 1932 January 23, 1933 Full text
21st Repeal of Eighteenth Amendment; state and local prohibition no longer required by law. February 20, 1933 December 5, 1933 Full text
22nd Limits the president to two terms March 24, 1947 February 27, 1951 Full text
23rd Representation of Washington, D.C. in the Electoral College June 16, 1960 March 29, 1961 Full text
24th Prohibition of the restriction of voting rights due to the non-payment of poll taxes September 14, 1962 January 23, 1964 Full text
25th Presidential Succession July 6, 1965 February 10, 1967 Full text
26th Voting age nationally established as age 18 (see suffrage) March 23, 1971 July 1, 1971 Full text
27th Variance of congressional compensation September 25, 1789 May 7, 1992 Full text


Contents

[edit] Unratified proposed amendments

Before an amendment can take effect, it must be proposed to the states by a two-thirds vote of both houses of Congress, and ratified by three-quarters of the states. Six amendments proposed by Congress have failed to be ratified by the appropriate number of states' legislatures. Four of these amendments are still technically pending before state lawmakers—the other two have expired by their own terms.

Amendment Date Proposed Status Subject
Congressional Apportionment Amendment September 25, 1789 Still pending before state lawmakers Apportionment of U.S. Representatives
Titles of Nobility Amendment May 1, 1810 Still pending before state lawmakers Prohibition of titles of nobility
Corwin Amendment March 2, 1861 Technically still pending before state lawmakers, but rendered moot by the 13th Amendment Preservation of slavery
Child Labor Amendment June 2, 1924 Still pending before state lawmakers Congressional power to regulate child labor
Equal Rights Amendment March 22, 1972 Expired 1979 or 1982 (some scholars disagree -- see main article). Prohibition of inequality of men and women
District of Columbia Voting Rights Amendment August 22, 1978 Expired 1986 D.C. voting rights

[edit] See also

Wikisource
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[edit] References

  • Congressional Research Service. (1992). The Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation. (Senate Document No. 103–6). (Johnny H. Killian and George A. Costello, Eds.). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

[edit] External links

  • The Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation is available at:
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