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List of amendments to the United States Constitution
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| United States of America |
 This article is part of the series: |
| Original text of the Constitution |
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| Preamble Articles of the Constitution |
| Amendments to the Constitution |
| Bill of Rights I ∙ II ∙ III ∙ IV ∙ V VI ∙ VII ∙ VIII ∙ IX ∙ X Subsequent Amendments |
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This is a complete full list of all ratified and unratified amendments to the United States Constitution which have received the approval of the Congress. The procedure for amending the Constitution is governed by Article V of the original text. There have been many other proposals for amendments to the United States Constitution introduced in Congress, but not submitted to the states.
The first ten amendments to the United States Constitution are known as the Bill of Rights.
| # | Amendments | Proposal date | Enactment date | Full text |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | Freedom of religion, of speech, of the press, to petition, and to assemble | September 29, 1789 | December 15, 1791 | Full text |
| 2nd | The right to keep and bear arms | September 25, 1789 | December 15, 1791 | Full text |
| 3rd | No quartering of soldiers in private houses during times of peace or war | September 25, 1789 | December 15, 1791 | Full text |
| 4th | Interdiction of unreasonable Searches and seizures; warrants | September 25, 1789 | December 15, 1791 | Full text |
| 5th | Indictments; Due process; Self-incrimination; Double jeopardy, and rules for Eminent Domain. | September 25, 1789 | December 15, 1791 | Full text |
| 6th | Right to a fair and speedy public trial, Notice of accusations, Confronting one's accuser, Subpoenas, Right to counsel | September 25, 1789 | December 15, 1791 | Full text |
| 7th | Right to trial by jury in civil cases | September 25, 1789 | December 15, 1791 | Full text |
| 8th | No excessive bail & fines or cruel & unusual punishment | September 25, 1789 | December 15, 1791 | Full text |
| 9th | Unenumerated rights | September 25, 1789 | December 15, 1791 | Full text |
| 10th | Limits the power of the Federal government | September 25, 1789 | December 15, 1791 | Full text |
| 11th | Immunity of states from suits from out-of-state citizens and foreigners not living within the state borders. Lays the foundation for sovereign immunity. | March 4, 1794 | February 7, 1795 | Full text |
| 12th | Revision of presidential election procedures | December 9, 1803 | June 15, 1804 | Full text |
| 13th | Abolition of slavery, except as punishment for a crime. | January 31, 1865 | December 6, 1865 | Full text |
| 14th | Citizenship, state due process, applies Bill of Rights to the states, revision to apportionment of Representatives, Denies public office to anyone who has rebelled against the United States | June 13, 1866 | July 9, 1868 | Full text |
| 15th | Suffrage no longer restricted by race | February 26, 1869 | February 3, 1870 | Full text |
| 16th | Allows federal income tax | July 12, 1909 | February 3, 1913 | Full text |
| 17th | Direct election to the United States Senate | May 13, 1912 | April 8, 1913 | Full text |
| 18th | Prohibition of alcohol (Repealed by 21st amendment) | December 18, 1917 | January 16, 1919 | Full text |
| 19th | Women's suffrage | June 4, 1919 | August 18, 1920 | Full text |
| 20th | Term Commencement for congress (January 3) and president (January 20.) (This amendment is also known as the "lame duck amendment".) | March 2, 1932 | January 23, 1933 | Full text |
| 21st | Repeal of Eighteenth Amendment; state and local prohibition no longer required by law. | February 20, 1933 | December 5, 1933 | Full text |
| 22nd | Limits the president to two terms | March 24, 1947 | February 27, 1951 | Full text |
| 23rd | Representation of Washington, D.C. in the Electoral College | June 16, 1960 | March 29, 1961 | Full text |
| 24th | Prohibition of the restriction of voting rights due to the non-payment of poll taxes | September 14, 1962 | January 23, 1964 | Full text |
| 25th | Presidential Succession | July 6, 1965 | February 10, 1967 | Full text |
| 26th | Voting age nationally established as age 18 (see suffrage) | March 23, 1971 | July 1, 1971 | Full text |
| 27th | Variance of congressional compensation | September 25, 1789 | May 7, 1992 | Full text |
Contents |
[edit] Unratified proposed amendments
Before an amendment can take effect, it must be proposed to the states by a two-thirds vote of both houses of Congress, and ratified by three-quarters of the states. Six amendments proposed by Congress have failed to be ratified by the appropriate number of states' legislatures. Four of these amendments are still technically pending before state lawmakers—the other two have expired by their own terms.
| Amendment | Date Proposed | Status | Subject |
|---|---|---|---|
| Congressional Apportionment Amendment | September 25, 1789 | Still pending before state lawmakers | Apportionment of U.S. Representatives |
| Titles of Nobility Amendment | May 1, 1810 | Still pending before state lawmakers | Prohibition of titles of nobility |
| Corwin Amendment | March 2, 1861 | Technically still pending before state lawmakers, but rendered moot by the 13th Amendment | Preservation of slavery |
| Child Labor Amendment | June 2, 1924 | Still pending before state lawmakers | Congressional power to regulate child labor |
| Equal Rights Amendment | March 22, 1972 | Expired 1979 or 1982 (some scholars disagree -- see main article). | Prohibition of inequality of men and women |
| District of Columbia Voting Rights Amendment | August 22, 1978 | Expired 1986 | D.C. voting rights |
[edit] See also
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
- List of unsuccessful attempts to amend the U.S. Constitution
- Conventions within the states to ratify an amendment to U.S. Constitution
- Convention to propose amendment to U.S. Constitution
[edit] References
- Congressional Research Service. (1992). The Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation. (Senate Document No. 103–6). (Johnny H. Killian and George A. Costello, Eds.). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
[edit] External links
- The Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation is available at:
- GPO Access - Official version of the document at the U.S. Government Printing Office.
- FindLaw – FindLaw's version of the official document; incorporates 1996 and 1998 supplements into text, but does not include prefatory material included in official version.
