Unfortunately, even the latest forthcoming coreutils version 7.0 does not support transformation on multibyte encodings, such as UTF-8. For example, command output from echo "abcабв" | tr [:lower:] [:upper:] in the ru_RU.UTF-8 locale should produce ABCАБВ, but with GNU coreutils, the result still is ABCабв. Thus, tr works well with ASCII part of the string, but fails to operate with multibyte characters абв.
The list spans the programs from coreutils 7.0.
| File Utilities |
chcon |
Change file security context (SELinux) |
chgrp |
Changes file group ownership |
chown |
Changes file ownership |
chmod |
Changes the permissions of a file or folder |
cp |
Copies a file or folder |
dd |
Copies and converts a file |
df |
Shows disk free space on filesystems |
dir |
Is exactly like "ls -C -b". (Files are by default listed in columns and sorted vertically.) |
dircolors |
Setup color for ls |
install |
Copies files and set attributes |
ln |
Creates a link to a file |
ls |
Lists the files in a directory |
mkdir |
Creates a directory |
mkfifo |
Makes named pipes (FIFOs) |
mknod |
Makes block or character special files |
mktemp |
Create a temporary file or directory |
mv |
Moves files or rename files |
rm |
Removes (deletes) files |
rmdir |
Removes empty directories |
shred |
Overwrites a file to hide its contents, and optionally delete it |
sync |
Flushes file system buffers |
touch |
Changes file timestamps |
truncate |
Shrink or extend the size of a file to the specifed size |
vdir |
Is exactly like "ls -l -b". (Files are by default listed in long format.) |
| Text utilities |
base64 |
base64 encode/decode data and print to standard output |
cat |
Concatenates and prints files on the standard output |
cksum |
Checksums and count the bytes in a file |
comm |
Compares two sorted files line by line |
csplit |
Splits a file into sections determined by context lines |
cut |
Removes sections from each line of files |
expand |
Converts tabs to spaces |
fmt |
Simple optimal text formatter |
fold |
Wraps each input line to fit in specified width |
head |
Outputs the first part of files |
join |
Joins lines of two files on a common field |
md5sum |
Computes and checks MD5 message digest |
nl |
Numbers lines of files |
od |
Dumps files in octal and other formats |
paste |
Merges lines of files |
ptx |
Produces a permuted index of file contents |
pr |
Converts text files for printing |
sha1sum,
sha224sum,
sha256sum,
sha384sum,
sha512sum |
Computes and checks SHA-1, SHA-224/256/384/512 message digest |
shuf |
generate random permutations |
sort |
sort lines of text files |
split |
split a file into pieces |
sum |
Checksums and counts the blocks in a file |
tac |
Concatenates and prints files in reverse |
tail |
Outputs the last part of files |
tr |
Translates or deletes characters |
tsort |
Performs a topological sort |
unexpand |
Converts spaces to tabs |
uniq |
Removes duplicate lines from a sorted file |
wc |
Prints the number of bytes, words, and lines in files |
| Shell utilities |
arch |
print machine hardware name (same as uname -m) |
basename |
Removes the path prefix from a given pathname |
chroot |
Changes the root directory |
date |
Prints/sets the system date and time |
dirname |
Strips non-directory suffix from file name |
du |
Shows disk usage on file systems |
echo |
Displays a specified line of text |
env |
Displays and modifies environment variables |
expr |
Evaluates expressions |
factor |
Factors numbers |
false |
Does nothing, but exits unsuccessfully |
groups |
Prints the groups of which the user is a member |
hostid |
Prints the numeric identifier for the current host |
id |
Prints real/effective UID and GID |
link |
Creates a link to a file |
logname |
Print the user's login name |
nice |
Modifies scheduling priority |
nohup |
Allows a command to continue running after logging out |
pathchk |
Checks whether file names are valid or portable |
pinky |
A lightweight version of finger |
printenv |
Prints environment variables |
printf |
Formats and prints data |
pwd |
Prints the current working directory |
readlink |
Displays value of a symbolic link |
runcon |
Run command with specified security context |
seq |
Prints a sequence of numbers |
sleep |
Delays for a specified amount of time |
stat |
Returns useful data about an inode |
stty |
Changes and prints terminal line settings |
su |
Run a shell or command with substitute user and group IDs |
tee |
Sends output to multiple files |
test |
Evaluates an expression |
timeout |
Run a command with a time limit |
true |
Does nothing, but exits successfully |
tty |
Prints terminal name |
uname |
Prints system information |
unlink |
Removes the specified file using the unlink function |
uptime |
Tell how long the system has been running |
users |
Prints the user names of users currently logged in to the current host |
who |
Prints a list of all users currently logged in. |
whoami |
Prints the effective userid |
yes |
Prints a string repeatedly |
| Other Utilities |
[ |
A synonym for test, this program permits expressions like [ expression ]. |
| System Utilities |
