Mediator pattern

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The mediator pattern, one of the 23 design patterns described in Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software, provides a unified interface to a set of interfaces in a subsystem. This pattern is considered to be a behavioral pattern due to the way it can alter the program's running behavior.

Usually a program is made up of a (sometimes large) number of classes. So the logic and computation is distributed among these classes. However, as more classes are developed in a program, especially during maintenance and/or refactoring, the problem of communication between these classes may become more complex. This makes the program harder to read and maintain. Furthermore, it can become difficult to change the program, since any change may affect code in several other classes.

With the mediator pattern communication between objects is encapsulated with a mediator object. Objects no longer communicate directly with each other, but instead communicate through the mediator. This reduces the dependencies between communicating objects, thereby lowering the coupling.

Contents

[edit] Structure

The class diagram of this design pattern is as shown below:

Image:MediatorClassDiagram.png

Note: the arrows pointing from the mediator to the concrete colleagues should be association arrows, not inheritance arrows. See the source code below.

[edit] Example

//Mediator interface
interface Command {
    void execute();
}
 
//Concrete mediator
class Mediator {
 
    BtnView btnView;
    BtnSearch btnSearch;
    BtnBook btnBook;
    LblDisplay show;
 
    //....
    void registerView(BtnView v) {
        btnView = v;
    }
 
    void registerSearch(BtnSearch s) {
        btnSearch = s;
    }
 
    void registerBook(BtnBook b) {
        btnBook = b;
    }
 
    void registerDisplay(LblDisplay d) {
        show = d;
    }
 
    void book() {
        btnBook.setEnabled(false);
        btnView.setEnabled(true);
        btnSearch.setEnabled(true);
        show.setText("booking...");
    }
 
    void view() {
        btnView.setEnabled(false);
        btnSearch.setEnabled(true);
        btnBook.setEnabled(true);
        show.setText("viewing...");
    }
 
    void search() {
        btnSearch.setEnabled(false);
        btnView.setEnabled(true);
        btnBook.setEnabled(true);
        show.setText("searching...");
    }
 
}
 
//A concrete colleague
class BtnView extends JButton implements Command {
 
    Mediator med;
 
    BtnView(ActionListener al, Mediator m) {
        super("View");
        addActionListener(al);
        med = m;
        med.registerView(this);
    }
 
    public void execute() {
        med.view();
    }
 
}
 
//A concrete colleague
class BtnSearch extends JButton implements Command {
 
    Mediator med;
 
    BtnSearch(ActionListener al, Mediator m) {
        super("Search");
        addActionListener(al);
        med = m;
        med.registerSearch(this);
    }
 
    public void execute() {
        med.search();
    }
 
}
 
//A concrete colleague
class BtnBook extends JButton implements Command {
 
    Mediator med;
 
    BtnBook(ActionListener al, Mediator m) {
        super("Book");
        addActionListener(al);
        med = m;
        med.registerBook(this);
    }
 
    public void execute() {
        med.book();
    }
 
}
 
class LblDisplay extends JLabel {
 
    Mediator med;
 
    LblDisplay(Mediator m) {
        super("Just start...");
        med = m;
        med.registerDisplay(this);
        setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, 24));
    }
 
}
 
class MediatorDemo extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
 
    Mediator med = new Mediator();
 
    MediatorDemo() {
        JPanel p = new JPanel();
        p.add(new BtnView(this, med));
        p.add(new BtnBook(this, med));
        p.add(new BtnSearch(this, med));
        getContentPane().add(new LblDisplay(med), "North");
        getContentPane().add(p, "South");
        setSize(400, 200);
        setVisible(true);
    }
 
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) {
        Command comd = (Command) ae.getSource();
        comd.execute();
    }
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MediatorDemo();
    }
 
}

[edit] Participants

Mediator - defines the interface for communication between Colleague objects

ConcreteMediator - implements the Mediator interface and coordinates communication between Colleague objects. It is aware of all the Colleagues and their purpose with regards to inter communication.

ConcreteColleague - communicates with other Colleagues through its Mediator


[edit] See also

[edit] External links




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