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Patrick Moore
Born	1947 (1947) Winter Harbour, British Columbia
Residence	Vancouver, Winter Harbour
Nationality	Canadian
Education	Honours B.Sc., forestry and forest biology, University of British Columbia, 1969. Ph.D University of British Columbia, 1972. Awards:Honorary Doctorate of Science, North Carolina State University, 2005. National Award for Nuclear Science and History, Einstein Society, 2009.[1]
Occupation	Ecologist
Employer	Greenspirit Strategies Ltd., Vancouver, Canada
Known for	Co-founder of Greenpeace, independent and sometimes contrary opinions on environmental policy.
Title	Chair and Chief Scientist
Parents	W.D. (Bill) Moore and Beverly Moore (nee North)
Website http://www.greenspirit.com

Patrick Moore (born 1947) at Winter Harbour, British Columbia, on Vancouver Island, , is a Canadian ecologist. A life-long activist and environmentalist, he was a co-founder of Greenpeace in 1971 in Vancouver.^[1] He was a director and leader of Greenpeace for 15 years (1971 - 1986). He is now Chair and Chief Scientist of Greenspirit Strategies[2] in Vancouver, a consulting firm providing advice to government and industry on a wide range of environmental and sustainability issues. He is also a frequent public speaker^[2] at meetings of industry associations, universities, and policy groups. While he supports many of the policies of the major environmental groups (on acid rain, toxic waste, whaling, driftnet fishing, nuclear testing, whales in captivity, etc.), he sharply differs with them on a number of important issues including forestry, biotechnology, aquaculture and nuclear energy.

Contents 1 Biography 2 Views 2.1 Alternative energy 2.2 Global warming 2.3 Genetically modified foods 3 Criticism by other environmentalists 4 References 5 External links

[edit] Biography

Moore was born in 1947 in Winter Harbour, British Columbia, Canada. He obtained a Ph.D. in ecology from the Institute of Animal Resource Ecology, University of British Columbia under the direction of Dr. C.S. Holling in 1972. He served for nine years as President of Greenpeace Canada, as well as six years as a Director of Greenpeace International. Moore is recognized by Greenpeace as one the co-founders of the group.[3] "In 1971, motivated by their vision of a green and peaceful world, a small team of activists set sail from Vancouver, Canada, in an old fishing boat. These activists, the founders of Greenpeace, believed a few individuals could make a difference."^[3]

Moore left Greenpeace in early 1986 and established a family salmon farming business, Quatsino Seafarms, at his family home in Winter Harbour. In 1986 he was elected president of the British Columbia Salmon Farmers Association. In 1990 he was appointed to the British Columbia Round Table on the Environment and the Economy.[4]In 1990 he founded and chaired the BC Carbon Project which was funded by the Science Council of BC. In 1991 He joined the board of the Forest Alliance of BC, an initiative of the CEOs of the major forest companies in British Columbia. As chair of the Sustainable Forestry Committee of the Forest Alliance he spent ten years developing the Principles of Sustainable Forestry, which were adopted by a majority of the industry.[5]

In 1991 Moore founded Greenspirit as a vehicle for the promotion of sustainable development and an environmental platform based on science and logic.[6] In 2002 Tom Tevlin and Trevor Figueiredo joined Moore in the formation of Greenspirit Strategies Ltd., a consulting company engaged in providing advice to government and business on sustainability strategy and communication in a wide range of subjects including forestry, agriculture, fisheries and aquaculture, biodiversity, mining, chemicals and plastics, green building, energy, and climate change.[7]Patrick Moore is Chair and Chief Scientist of the organization.

A one megaton hydrogen bomb test by the United States Atomic Energy Commission at Amchitka Island in the Aleutians in 1969 was the catalyst for the formation of the Don't Make a Wave Committee in Vancouver, Canada. In early 1971 the US announced a 5 megaton test for September of that year. In 1971, Patrick Moore joined the Don't Make a Wave Committee, meeting regularly in the basement of the Unitarian Church in Vancouver to plan opposition to U.S. hydrogen bomb testing in Alaska. The Committee decided to send a boat across the North Pacific to provide a focal point for the media to draw attention to the tests. Moore was a member of the crew of thePhyllis Cormack, a chartered fishing boat that set out on what was to become the first Greenpeace voyage in September 1971.[8]"Greenpeace" was the name given to the Phyllis Cormack for the voyage.

After the first Greenpeace voyage most of the crew members went back to their regular lives. But a handful of people, including Ben Metcalfe and his wife Dorothy, Bob Hunter, Rod Marining and Patrick Moore decided to formally change the name of the Don't Make a Wave Committee to the Greenpeace Foundation. By early 1972 President Nixon had canceled the remaining hydrogen bomb tests that were planned for Amchitka Island. Greenpeace turned it's attention to French atmospheric nuclear testing at Mururoa Atoll in French Polynesia in the South Pacific. In May of 1972 Patrick Moore traveled to New York with Jim Bohlen and Marie Bohlen to lobby the United Nations delegations from the Pacific Rim countries. Moore then traveled to Europe with Ben Metcalfe, Dorothy Metcalfe, Lyle Thurston and Rod Marining. They received an audience with Pope Paul VI, protested at Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, and attended the first UN Conference on the Environment in June, 1972 in Stockholm, Sweden. There they succeeded in convincing New Zealand to propose a vote condemning French nuclear testing which passed by an overwhelming majority.^[4]

During the first campaign to save whales in 1975, Greenpeace confronted the Soviet whaling fleet off the coast of California. Moore and Hunter were both crew members on that voyage aboard the Phyllis Cormack, the same fishing boat that was chartered for the first campaign in 1971. During the confrontation, film footage was obtained of the Soviet whaling boat firing a harpoon over the heads of Greenpeace members in a Zodiac inflatable and into the back of a female sperm whale.

The Greenpeace crew arrived in San Francisco the next day. The film footage made the evening news on all three national networks. this put Greenpeace on the world stage in away that was not eclipsed until the French bombing of the Rainbow Warrior in New Zealand in 1985, in which the expedition photographer, Fernando Pereira, was killed. Patrick Moore was on board the Rainbow Warrior during the afternoon of the day it was bombed as he and other directors of Greenpeace International had arrived to greet the ship on its way to protest French nuclear testing at Mururoa Atoll.[9]

As a result of the publicity caused by the dramatic film footage, support began to pour in. Patrick Moore and Bob Hunter went on Dr. Bill Wattenburg's talk radio show on KGO and appealed for a lawyer to help them incorporate a branch office in San Francisco in order to organize activities in the US and to manage donations. A young lawyer named David Tussman[10] volunteered and helped Moore, Hunter, and Paul Spong set up an office at Fort Mason. Greenpeace Foundation of America (since changed to Greenpeace USA)[11] then became a major fundraising center for the expansion of Greenpeace worldwide.

In early 1977, Bob Hunter stepped down as president of the Greenpeace Foundation and Patrick Moore was elected president.^[5] He inherited an organization that was deeply in debt as a result of financing the campaigns to save the whales and baby harp seals.

As a result of the publicity, Greenpeace organizations began to form throughout North America, including cities such as Toronto, Montreal, Seattle, Portland, Los Angeles, Boston, and San Francisco. Not all of these offices accepted the authority of the founding organization in Canada. Many people in Greenpeace, including most of the founders and early activists, felt Patrick Moore's attempted usurption of authority was unfounded, and that he management style and manipulation of facts lacked the integrity that Greenpeace worked so hard to establish. Patrick Moore attempted to assert control over the name "Greenpeace", as well as the right to exclusively raise funds and represent the group. Moore and his chosen board in Vancouver called for two meetings to formalize his assertions of authority. During this time David Tussman, together with the rest of the founders, early activists of Greenpeace, and the vast majority of Greenpeace staff-members announced that the board of the San Francisco group intended to separate Patrick Moore's Greenpeace Foundation from the rest of the Greenpeace movement. After all efforts to settle the matter failed, the Greenpeace Foundation filed a civil lawsuit in San Francisco charging that the San Francisco group was in violation of trademark and copyright by using the Greenpeace name without permission of the Greenpeace Foundation.

The lawsuit was settled at a meeting on 10 October, 1979, in the offices of lawyer David Gibbons in Vancouver. Attending were Moore, Hunter, David McTaggart, Rex Weyler, and about six others. At this meeting it was agreed that Greenpeace International would be created. This meant that Greenpeace would remain a single organization rather than an amorphous and chaotic collection if individual offices that anyone could form. McTaggart who had come to represent all the other Greenpeace groups against the Greenpeace Foundation, was named Chairman. Moore became President of Greenpeace Canada (the new name for Greenpeace Foundation) and a director of Greenpeace International. Other directors were appointed from the USA, France, the UK, and the Netherlands. Moore remained a director of Greenpeace International until his departure in early 1986.

After leaving Greenpeace, Moore founded Greenspirit,[12] a consultancy focusing on environmental policy and communications in natural resources, biodiversity, energy, and climate change.

Moore was a member of the British Columbia government-appointed Round Table on the Environment and Economy from 1990 - 1994. In 1990, he founded and chaired the BC Carbon Project, a group that worked to develop a common understanding of climate change.^[6]

Moore served for four years as Vice President of Environment for Waterfurnace International,[13] the largest manufacturer of geothermal heat pumps for residential heating and cooling with renewable earth energy.

As Chair of the Sustainable Forestry Committee of the Forest Alliance of BC, a group created by the forest industry,^[7] Moore leads the process of developing the "Principles of Sustainable Forestry" which have been adopted by a majority of the industry.

Moore published Green Spirit - Trees are the Answer, a photo-book on forests and the role they can play in solving some current environmental problems in 2000.

Moore also made two appearances on Penn & Teller: Bullshit! in episodes "Environmental Hysteria" (2003) and "Endangered Species" (2005).

In 2006, Moore became co-chair (with Christine Todd Whitman) of a new industry-funded initiative, the Clean and Safe Energy Coalition,[14] which supports increased use of nuclear energy.^[8]

Moore currently works as a senior spokesperson for the Forest Alliance of BC, an industry-funded public relations organization. ^[9]

[edit] Views

Moore criticizes what he sees as scare tactics and disinformation employed by some within the environmental movement:

By the mid-1980s, the environmental movement had abandoned science and logic in favor of emotion and sensationalism. I became aware of the emerging concept of sustainable development: balancing environmental, social and economic priorities. Converted to the idea that win-win solutions could be found by bringing all interests together, I made the move from confrontation to consensus.^[10]

Interviewed in the 2007 film documentary The Great Global Warming Swindle, Moore commented: "See, I don't even like to call it the environmental movement any more, because really it is a political activist movement, and they have become hugely influential at a global level."

[edit] Alternative energy

"Nuclear power plants are, next to nuclear warheads themselves, the most dangerous devices that man has ever created. Their construction and proliferation is the most irresponsible, in fact the most criminal, act ever to have taken place on this planet." - Patrick Moore, Assault on Future Generations, 1976

Moore today supports nuclear power, along with renewable energy sources such as hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass, and wind.^[8] He argues that any realistic plan to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and the emission of greenhouse gases should include increased use of nuclear energy.^[8] He has publicly acknowledged that this is in stark contrast to his views on this subject some decades earlier ^[8] (as has another pioneer environmentalist, Stewart Brand). Moore believes that alternatives to fossil fuels must be found and that nuclear energy is one of the most effective technologies to reduce fossil fuel use.^[8]

Moore is supported by the Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI), a national organization of pro-nuclear industries which hopes to enlist Moore's help in bringing about a nuclear renaissance.^[11]

[edit] Global warming

Moore calls global warming the "most difficult issue facing the scientific community today in terms of being able to actually predict with any kind of accuracy what's going to happen".^[12] While acknowledging that the increase of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere is caused by human consumption of fossil fuels, he claims that as of 2006, it cannot be proven as the exclusive reason the Earth has been warming since 1980.^{[citation needed]} He stresses that it is scientific evidence, not consensus opinion, that would prove or disprove this relation.

I think one of the most pernicious aspects of the modern environmental movement is the romanticization of peasant life. And the idea that industrial societies are the destroyers of the world. The environmental movement has evolved into the strongest force there is for preventing development in the developing countries. I think it's legitimate for me to call them anti-human.^[13]

It's become so complicated, there's so much snake oil around the whole subject... the best comment that was ever made was by Michael Crichton in his book State of Fear: 'I am certain there is too much certainty in the world'. And I am certain that he is right.^[12]

[edit] Genetically modified foods

In 2006, Moore addressed a Biotechnology Industry Organization conference in Waikiki saying, "There's no getting away from the fact that over 6 billion people wake up each day on this planet with real needs for food, energy and materials", in support of genetically engineered crops.^[14] He also told the gathering that global warming and the melting of glaciers is not necessarily a negative event because it creates more arable land and the use of forest products drives up demand for wood and spurs the planting of more trees.

[edit] Criticism by other environmentalists

This article's Criticism or Controversy section(s) may mean the article does not present a neutral point of view of the subject. It may be better to integrate the material in such sections into the article as a whole.

Moore has been criticized by environmentalists for many of his views. Some see him as having "abruptly turned his back on the environmental movement" and "being a mouthpiece for some of the very interests Greenpeace was founded to counter".^[7]

His critics point out Moore's business relations with what they see as "polluters and clear-cutters" through his consultancy.^[7] Moore has earned his living since the early 1990s primarily by consulting for, and publicly speaking to a wide variety of corporations and industry lobby groups.

Robert Hunter bestowed the title of "Eco-Judas" on him. He has become known as the Benedict Arnold of the Green Movement and the "corporate green whore". His credibility has sunk so low that the Forest Action Network set up a website dedicated just to Patrick Moore called Patrick Moore is a Big Fat Liar (http://www.fanweb.org/patrick-moore/).

The Greenpeace International web site used to include Moore in their list of founders, although this has since been removed.^[15] Patrick Moore himself is the biggest proponent of him being a co-founder, so there is some controversy over whether Moore was a co-founder, or merely an early member, of Greenpeace. His claim of being a founding member, but not co-founder, is seemingly supported by a single edited statement from an op-ed by Paul Watson^[16], although nowhere else does Paul Watson make any statements supportive of a co-founding status and does state that he does not know Patrick Moore to be a co-founder except in Patrick Moore's own autobiographical statements. The status of co-founder is emphatically disputed by other founders including Dorothy Stowe, Bob Hunter (deceased), Ben Metcalf (deceased), Dorothy Metcalf, and Jim and Marie Bohlen,^[17] and is at odds with his original Greenpeace membership application.^[18]

Paul Watson, another co-founder of Greenpeace, quit the organization after Moore allegedly called a meeting to expel him from the board amid disagreements over Watson's direct action campaigns.^[16] He claims Moore "uses his status as a so-called co-founder of Greenpeace to give credibility to his accusations. I am also a co-founder of Greenpeace and I have known Patrick Moore for 35 years.... Moore makes accusations that have no basis in fact".^[16]

Moore's history as an early member of Greenpeace includes his attendance at some of the early planning sessions for the first voyage against US nuclear testing in 1971, sailing as a member of the crew on the first voyage, and serving 15 years in leadership positions of some permutations of Greenpeace offices. He was one of five directors of Greenpeace International, but only as part of a settlement of his ill-fated lawsuit against the larger Greenpeace movement.^{[citation needed]}

Monte Hummel, MScF, President, World Wildlife Fund Canada has said, "I have read Patrick's book, Pacific Spirit. It is not the work of a 'forest ecologist' but a disappointing blend of pseudo-science and dubious assumptions being used to defend clearcutting and the forest industry."^[19]

Dr Leonie Jacobs of the University of Utrecht in the Netherlands has said, "Dr. Patrick Moore may be a good marine biologist and a former founder of Greenpeace but he is presently paid by the timber industry to deliberately mislead the public and politicians about the acceptability of aggressive logging practices."^[20]

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Greenspirit, Patrick Moore's website
• Greenspirit Strategies, Patrick Moore's consultancy
• Audio Interview from MassiveChange.com
• Source Watch on Patrick Moore
• Going Nuclear: A Green Makes the Case - Washington Post, April 16, 2006
• Why I Left Greenpeace - The Wall Street Journal, April 22, 2008
• Patrick Moore , Forest Action Network website about Patrick Moore