cr diet dri fitness food foodapp health nutrition rda vitamins wikipedia_tags

My tags:

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Reference Daily Intake (or Recommended Daily Intake) (RDI) is the daily dietary intake level of a nutrient which was considered (at the time they were defined) to be sufficient to meet the requirements of nearly all (97–98%) healthy individuals in each life-stage and sex group. The RDI is used to determine the Daily Value which is printed on food labels in the U.S. and Canada. RDIs are based on the older Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) from 1968.[1] Newer RDA's have since been introduced in the Dietary Reference Intake system, but the RDIs are still used for nutrition labeling.

Contents 1 Food labeling reference tables 2 History 3 See also 4 References 5 External links

[edit] Food labeling reference tables

The FDA uses Daily Values (DVs) for food labeling. DVs for the following macronutrients are Daily Reference Values (DRVs) which are not listed on Wikipedia.^{[1] [2]} The DV's used by the FDA for vitamins and minerals are the RDIs listed here.

For people 4 years or older, eating 2,000 Calories per day, the RDIs are:

Total Fat	65 g
Saturated Fatty Acids	20 g
Cholesterol	300 mg
Sodium	2400 mg
Potassium	4700 mg
Total Carbohydrate	300 g
Fibre	25 g
Protein	50 g

For vitamins and minerals, the RDIs are given in the following table, along with the more recent RDAs of the Dietary Reference Intakes (maximized over sex and age groups):[2]

Nutrient	RDI	highest RDA of DRI
Vitamin A	5000 IU	3000 IU
Vitamin C	60 mg	90 mg
Calcium	1000 mg	1300 mg
Iron	18 mg	18 mg
Vitamin D	400 IU	600 IU
Vitamin E	30 IU	15 mg (33 IU of synthetic)
Vitamin K	80 μg	120 μg
Thiamin	1.5 mg	1.2 mg
Riboflavin	1.7 mg	1.3 mg
Niacin	20 mg	16 mg
Vitamin B6	2 mg	1.7 mg
Folate	400 μg	400 μg
Vitamin B12	6 μg	2.4 μg
Biotin	300 μg	30 μg
Pantothenic acid	10 mg	5 mg
Phosphorus	1000 mg	1250 mg
Iodine	150 μg	150 μg
Magnesium	400 mg	420 mg
Zinc	15 mg	11 mg
Selenium	70 μg	55 μg
Copper	2 mg	900 μg
Manganese	2 mg	2.3 mg
Chromium	120 μg	35 μg
Molybdenum	75 μg	45 μg
Chloride	3400 mg	2300 mg

[edit] History

The RDA was developed during World War II by Lydia J. Roberts, Hazel K. Stiebeling and Helen S. Mitchell, all part of a committee established by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in order to investigate issues of nutrition that might "affect national defense" (Nestle, 35). The committee was renamed the Food and Nutrition Board in 1941, after which they began to deliberate on a set of recommendations of a standard daily allowance for each type of nutrient. The standards would be used for nutrition recommendations for the armed forces, for civilians, and for overseas population who might need food relief. Roberts, Stiebeling, and Mitchell surveyed all available data, created a tentative set of allowances for "energy and eight nutrients", and submitted them to experts for review (Nestle, 35). The final set of guidelines, called RDAs for Recommended Dietary Allowances, were accepted in 1941. The allowances were meant to provide superior nutrition for civilians and military personnel, so they included a "margin of safety." Because of food rationing during the war, the food guides created by government agencies to direct citizens' nutritional intake also took food availability into account.

The Food and Nutrition Board subsequently revised the RDAs every five to ten years. In the early 1950s, USDA nutritionists made a new set of guidelines that also included the number of servings of each food group in order to make it easier for people to receive their RDAs of each nutrient.

In 1997 at the suggestion of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy RDA became one part of a broader set of dietary guidelines called the Dietary Reference Intake used by both the United States and Canada.

[edit] See also

• Canada's Food Guide
• Dietary mineral
• Essential amino acid
• Essential fatty acid
• Essential nutrient
• Food guide pyramid
• Healthy diet
• Nutrient
• Vitamins

[edit] References

1. ^ http://www.fda.gov/FDAC/special/foodlabel/dvs.html
2. ^ http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=8c5344f04a8ae103e5b0ff5a17c7fa97&rgn=div8&view=text&node=21:2.0.1.1.2.4.1.1&idno=21

Nestle, Marion. "Food Politics." Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002.

[edit] External links

• USDA RDA chart (PDF file)
• USDA Reference Daily Intakes
• Article comparing recommended amounts of vitamins and minerals in different countries from the European Union (PDF file)
• Differences in RDA set by medical authorities in the UK, the European Union and the USA.

v • d • e Inborn error of metal metabolism (E83, 275) Cu high: Copper toxicity · Wilson's disease deficiency: Copper deficiency · Menkes disease Fe high: Primary iron overload disorder: Haemochromatosis/HFE1 · Juvenile/HFE2 · HFE3 · African iron overload/HFE4 · Aceruloplasminemia · Atransferrinemia · Hemosiderosis deficiency: Iron deficiency Zn deficiency: Acrodermatitis enteropathica PO43− high: Hyperphosphatemia deficiency: Hypophosphatemia · Hypophosphatasia Mg2+ high: Hypermagnesemia deficiency: Hypomagnesemia Ca2+ high: Hypercalcaemia · Pseudohypoparathyroidism (Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy) · Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism · Milk-alkali syndrome (Burnett's) · Calcinosis (Calciphylaxis, Calcinosis cutis) · Calcification (Metastatic calcification, Dystrophic calcification) deficiency: Hypocalcaemia · Osteomalacia see also metal metabolism